Cbse Class 10 Geography Contemporary India II | MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES | Ncert Social Science | Points to Remember (Notes)

 


MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
Class 10 Ncert Cbse Social Science (Geography)
Contemporary India Part - II
       Important Points to Remember
=> Efficiency and competitiveness are the two important factors for manufacturing industries to stay in international markets.
=> The National Manufacturing Competitiveness Council (NMCC) has been set up with these objectives.
=> Textile Industry contributes 14% to our industrial production. It is second largest after agriculture in employment generation and foreign exchange earnings.
=> Textile industry is the only industry India which is self-reliant and complete in the value chain  
      i.e. from raw materials to the value added products.
=> The first successful textile mill was established in Mumbai in 1854.
=> Cotton textile is a highly localized and a labour intensive industry.     
=> India has second largest installed capacity of textile spindles in the world after China.
=> India stands second in the production of raw jute and jute goods.
=> The first jute mill was set up at Rishra near Kolkata in 1859.
=> There are about 70 jute mills in India.
=> Problems faced by Jute Mills in India :
(a) Stiff competition in International Market from synthetic substitutes.
(b) Competition from other jute producing countries like – Bangladesh, Brazil, Philippines, Egypt and Thailand.
=> In 2005, National Jute Policy was formulated with the objective of increasing productivity, improving quality, ensuring good prices to the jute farmers and enhancing the yield per hectare.
=> India occupies the first position in the production of gur (jiggery) and Khandsari.
=> India stands second in the production of sugar after Cuba.
=> Iron and Steel industry is the basic industry since; all other industries depend on it.
=> Iron and Steel industry is called the key industry a country’s index of economic development and growth can be judged from production and consumption of steel.
=> Manganese is required to harden the steel.  
=> India ranks 9th in crude steel production and 1st in the production of sponge iron in the world.
=> Our country has 32 kg per capita consumption of steel per annum.
=> Important properties of Aluminium:
(a) It is light.
(b) It is corrosion resistant.
(c) Good conductor of heat and electricity.
(d) Malleable and can become strong when mixed with pother metals.
(e) It can replace steel, copper, lead, zinc for many purposes.
=> India is the 3rd largest in Asia and 12th in the world in chemical industry.
=> Organic chemical plants are located near oil refineries and petrochemical plants.
=> India is the 3rd largest producer of nitrogenous fertilizers.
=> The first cement plant was set up in Chennai in 1804.
=> Call centers are giving largest employment in IT industry and its 30% employees are women.
=> Software Technology Parks have been created to provide single window service and data communication facility to software exports.
=> There are about 18 Software Technology Parks spread all over the country.  

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