Industries - NCERT (CBSE) Solutions of Resources and Development | Solutions of Class 8 Geography Textbook Exercise Important Questions [Read]
Class VIII, Social Science - Geography, Resources and Development
INDUSTRIES
Short
type Sample Questions with their solutions (CCE exam pattern)
Q.1: What
are two stages of making notebook from pulp?
Answer: Making paper from pulp and then
notebook from paper.
Q.2: What
does industrial system consists of?
Answer: It consists of three things: (i)
inputs, (ii) process and (iii) outputs.
Q.3: Name
clothes which were famous all over the world before the British came to India.
Answer: These are hand woven clothes like
Muslins of Dhaka, Chintzes of Masulipatnam, Calicos of Calicut and gold-wrought
pieces of Burhanpur, Surat and Vadodara, which were famous for their quality
and design.
Q.4: Which
factor resulted in the rapid expansion of cotton textile industry in Mumbai
region?
Answer: These factors are -
- warm
moist climate
- port
for importing machineries and exporting manufactured goods
- Availability
of raw materials and skilled labour.
Q.5: What
is ‘information technology’? What is the main reason for its rapid growth?
Answer: The information industry deals in the
storage, processing and distribution of information (data). This industry could
make a fast progress and became global due to a series of technological,
political and socio-economic events.
Q.6: What
are the factors of location for IT Industry?
Answer: The main factors of location for IT
industry are availability of resource, cost and infrastructure.
Long type Sample Questions (following Cbse CCE exam pattern) with their Answers
Q.1: How
industries are classified? Or Write a short note on the various classifications
of industries.
Answer: Industries are classified on the basis
of raw materials, size and ownership. On the basis of these criteria industries
can be further classified as follows:
I. On the basis of Raw Materials
a. Agro based industries
b. Mineral based industries
c. Forest based industries
II.
On
the basis of Size
a. Large scale industries
b. Small scale industries
III.
On
the basis of Ownership
a. Private sector industries
b. Public sector industries
c. Joint sector industries
d. Co-operative industries
Q.2: How
industries are classified on the basis of their Raw materials?
Answer: On the basis of the raw materials used
by different industries, they can be classified as follows -
(a) Agro based
industries: Industries which use products based on plants and animals as
their raw materials are called as ‘Agro based industries’. For example, food
processing, cotton textile, dairy products, leather industries etc.
(b) Mineral based
industries: These are the primary industries that use mineral ores as their
raw materials. The products of these industries are used by other industries.
For example, iron and steel industry, copper industry etc.
(c) Marine based
industries: Industries using products from the sea and oceans as raw
materials are termed as ‘Marine based industries’. For example, sea food
processing industry, fish oil industry etc.
(d) Forest based industries:
Industries which use forest products as their raw materials are termed as
‘Forest based industries’. Example, pulp and paper, pharmaceuticals, furniture
etc.
Q.3: How
industries are classified on the basis of Size?
Answer: The term ‘Size’ for an industry is
often used to indicate the capital invested, manpower engaged and the volume of
production of that industry. On the basis of size, industries can be classified
as follows -
(a) Small scale
industries: These are the industries which use lesser amounts of raw
material, capital and technology. Cottage or House-hold industries are a type
of small scale industry where the products are manufactured by the artisans by
hand. Silk weaving, food processing etc. are examples of small scale
industries.
(b) Large scale
industries: Under this category comes those industries which large amount
of raw materials for their huge production, large capital investment and
superior technology. Examples of large scale industries are iron and steel
industries, capital goods industries, automobile industries etc.
Q.4: How
industries are classified on the basis of Ownership?
Answer: Industries can be classified on the
basis of its ownership as mentioned below -
(a) Private sector
industries: Private sector industries are owned and operated by an
individual or a group of individuals. For example, TISCO, Reliance Industries
Limited etc.
(b) Public sector
industries: These industries are owned and operated by the Govt., such as
Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL), HAL etc.
(c) Joint sector
industries: Joint sector industries are owned and operated by the Govt. as
well as an individual or a group of individuals. Example - Maruti Udyog Limited
(MUL).
(d) Co-operative
sector industries: Co-operative sector industries are those industries
which are owned and operated by the suppliers of raw materials, workers or both
of them. Examples of such industries are - Anand Milk Union Ltd., Sudha Dairy
etc.
Q.5: What
is Industrial Disaster? Give some steps of Risk Reduction Measures (steps to
minimize the risks of industrial disaster).
Answer: ‘Industrial Disaster’ is a term used
for accidents or disasters which sometimes happen in industries mainly due to
technical failure or irresponsible handling of hazardous materials. Some
examples of unforgettable industrial disasters in the history are - Bhopal Gas
Incident of Union Carbide, Gas Well Blowout of Gao Qiao in China.
The steps of risk
reduction measures are as follows:
1) Densely populated residential areas
should be separated far away from the industrial areas.
2) People staying near the industrial
areas should be kept informed of the storage of hazardous materials and the
possible escapes from the effects of such materials.
3) Fire warning and fighting system
should be improved.
4) Storage capacity of toxic substances
should be limited.
5) Pollution dispersion qualities in the
industries should be improved.
