Chapter
1, Electric Charges and Fields
NCERT
Answers of 12th CBSE Physics Textbook Exercise Questions
- Download NCERT Solutions of Class 12 CBSE Physics Chapter 1, Electric Charges and Fields (Q 1.1-1.8)
- Cbse Ncert Solutions of Class 12 Physics: Electric Charges and Fields (Q 1.17-1.24)
Answer: The charges qA and
qB are located at points A (0, 0, -15 cm) and B (0, 0, +15 cm) on z
–axis as shown in the figure here. They form an electric dipole, where,
q = total charge =?
p = electric
dipole moment of the system =?
p = q.2a
Now,
q = qA +
qB = 2.5 x 10-7 + (-2.5 x 10-7) = 0
Also, 2a = AB
= dipole length = OA + OB
= 15 + 15 =
30 cm = 0.30 m.
Hence, p =
either charge x dipole length
= qA x AB = 2.5 x 10-7
x 0.30
= 7.5 x 10-8 cm.
The electric
dipole moment is directed from B to A i.e., along negative z-axis.
Question
1.10: An electric dipole with dipole moment 4 x 10-9 C m is aligned at 300 with
the direction of a uniform electric field of magnitude 5 x 104 NC-1. Calculate
the magnitude of the torque acting on the dipole.
Answer: Here, p= 4 x 10-9 Cm, E =
5 x 104 NC-1, θ = 300, t =?
Using the
formula, t = pE sinθ, we get
t = 4 x 10-9 x 5 x 104 x
sin 300
= 20 x 10-5 x ½
= 10-4 Nm.
Question 1.11: A
polythene piece rubbed with wool is found to have a negative charge of 3 x 10-7C.
(a) Estimate the
number of electrons transferred (from which to which?)
(b) Is there a
transfer of mass from wool to polythene ?
Answer: (a) Here, q = total charge transferred
= -3 x 10-7 C. Charge on an electron, e = -1.6 x 10-19 C.
n = no. of
electrons transferred =?
As the
polythene piece rubbed with wool is found to attain –ve charge, so the
electrons are transferred from wool to polythene piece.
From
quantisation of charge, we know that q = ne
(b) Yes, there is a transfer of mass from wool to polythene as electrons are material particles and are transferred from wool to polythene piece.
m = mass of
each electron = 9.1 x 10-31 kg, n = 1.875x 1012
M = total
mass transferred to polythene =?
= m x n = 9.1 x 10-31 x 1.875 x
1012 = 1.71 x 10-18 kg or, 2 x 10-18 kg.
Question 1.12: (a) Two insulated
charged copper spheres A and B have their centres separated by a distance of 50
cm. What is the mutual force of electrostatic repulsion if the charge on each
is 6.5 x 10-7 C? The radii of A and B are negligible compared to the distance
of separation.
(b) What is the force of repulsion
of each sphere is charged double the above amount, and the distance between
them is halved?
Answer: (a) Charge on 1st sphere, A
= qA = 6.5 x 10-7 C
Charge on 2nd
sphere, B = qB = 6.5 x 10-7 C
Distance
between sphere A and B = 50 cm = 0.5 m = d
We know that,
(b) If each sphere is charged double the amount, then,
qA
= qB = 2 x 6.5 x 10-7 C = 13 x 10-7 C
and, r = 1/2
x 50 cm = 0.25 m.
We know that,
Question 1.13: Suppose the spheres A and B of previous exercise have identical sizes. A third sphere of the same size but unchanged is brought in contact with the first, then brought in contact with the second, and finally removed from both. What is the force of repulsion between A and B ?
Answer: Initial charges on spheres A and B are
qA = qB = 6.5 x 10-7 C
r = Distance
between the spheres A and B = 0.5 m.
All the
spheres will have equal charges on being brought in contact because they are of
the same size.
When 3rd
sphere C having charge qc = zero is brought in contact with 1st
sphere A, then;
Charge on A =
Charge on C = q’1 say
Question 1.14: Figure given below shows tracks of three charged particles in a uniform electrostatic field. Give the signs of the three charges. Which particle has the highest charge to mass ratio ?
Answer:
Question 1.15: Consider a uniform electric field E = 3 x 103 i N/C. (a) What is the flux of this field through a square of 10 cm on a side whose plane is parallel to the yz plane ? (b) What is the flux through the same square if the normal to its plane makes at 60o angle with the x-axis ?
Answer:
Question 1.16: What is the net flux of the uniform electric field of Exercise 1.15 through a cube of side 20 cm oriented so that its faces are parallel to the coordinate planes?
Answer: Net flux over the cube is zero because
the number of lines entering the cube of side 20 cm is same as the number of
lines leaving the cube.
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