Class 10, Events and Processes: Nationalism in India
Unit III, NCERT History India
and the Contemporary World II
CBSE Guide n Guess - Additional Sample Questions
Question.1: What was the plan of Gandhiji to launch
Non-Cooperation Movement ?
OR
How did Non-Cooperation became a mass movement ?
Answer:
Non-Cooperation took a shape of mass-movement after Gandhiji proposed that:
1.
Non-Cooperation Movement should unfold in stages.
2.
First of all, titles awarded by the government should be surrendered.
3.
Secondly, Indians should boycott civil services, army, police, court,
legislative councils, government schools and foreign goods.
4.
In case government used repression, a full Civil Disobedience Movement should
be launched.
Question.2: What were the initial satyagraha movements led
by Gandhi ?
OR
What did Gandhiji do immediately after his arrival to
India ?
Answer:
Mahatma Gandhi after his arrival in India, organized three small but important
satyagraha movements which were –
(a)
In 1916, Gandhiji organized Champaran satyagraha movement in Bihar. This
movement was against oppressive plantation system.
(b)
In 1917, he organized satyagraha movement in support of poor peasants of Kheda
district in Gujarat.
(c)
In 1918, Gandhiji went to Ahmedabad to organize a satyagraha movement amongst
cotton mill workers.
Question.3: Write a short note on ‘Rowlatt Act’.
Answer:
In 1919, the Imperial Legislative Council passed the Rowlatt Acts, giving the
Indian colonial authorities enormous powers to repress the political activities
and satyagrahis. It also allowed detention of political prisoners without
trials for two years. This Act was hurriedly passed by the British Parliament
despite there was a united opposition from all Indian members.
A
demonstration against Rowlatt Acts resulted in a massacre of unarmed Indian
protesters Indian protesters at Amritsar (Jallianwala Bagh) by the British
soldiers. This incident left permanent scar on Indo - British relations and was
the prelude to Mahatma Gandhi’s organized campaign of Non-Cooperation Movement
against the British Government.
Question.4: Write a short note on ‘Khilafat Movement’.
OR
Who started Khilafat Movement ? What were the aims of
Khilafat Movement ? How did this movement help in bringing unity between Hindus and Muslims
of this country ?
Answer:
The movement arose in India in early 20th century as a result of Muslim fears for
the integrity of Islam. These fears were aroused by Italian and Balkan attacks
on Ottoman Empire of Turkey whose sultan - the Khalifa was the spiritual head
of the Islamic world. There were rumours after the defeat of Turkey in World
War I that a harsh peace treaty was going to be imposed on Ottoman Turkey. A
movement in defence of Khalifa’s temporal powers was launched in India led by
the Ali brothers – Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali with Abul Kalam Azad. A
Khilafat Committee was formed in Bombay in March 1919. These leaders joined
forces with Mahatma Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation movement for Indian freedom,
promising non-violence in return for his support of Khilafat Movement.
Gandhiji
saw this as an opportunity to bring Muslims under the umbrella of a unified
National Movement. He tried hard to achieve Hindu-Muslim unity by supporting
the Khilafat Movement. The Khilafat Movement coincided with the inception of
Satyagraha, thus giving the illusion of a unified Non-Cooperation Movement
against British in support of Khilafat as well as Swaraj.
Question.5: What happened in India during 1918 - 1921
which cost millions of life ?
Answer:
During this period, crops failed in many parts of India resulting in acute
shortage of foods. This was followed by an epidemic. About 12 - 13 million
people died as a result of famines and the epidemic.
Question.6: Which tax was introduced during the First
World War ? How was the War cost met ?
Answer:
Income tax was introduced during the First World War in Britain.
To
meet war cost, custom duties were increased.
FURTHER STUDY
- NCERT Solutions of Chapter Exercise Questions for Class 10 CBSE History, India and the Contemporary World II - Events and Processes: Nationalism in India
- Nationalism in India - Class X, NCERT History India and the Contemporary World II - Solutions for Intext Questions and more
No comments:
Write comments