NCERT (CBSE) Solutions of Resources and Development | Solutions of Class 8 Geography Textbook | Chapter - Industries

Class 8, Social Science (Geography)

INDUSTRIES, Chapter 5, Resources and Development

Ncert (Cbse) Solutions

CBSE Class 8, Industries - NCERT Solutions of Social Science (Geography) | Resources and Development, Notes and Solutions of  Sample Questions [Read] 

Ncert Textbook Chapter Exercise Questions (Important only)

Q.1: Answer the following questions:

1. What is meant by the term ‘industry’? 
2. Which are the main factors which influence the location of an industry? 
3. Which industry is often referred to as the backbone of the modern industry and why?
4. Why cotton textile industry rapidly expanded in Mumbai?
5. What are the similarities between information technology industry in Bangalore and California?

Solutions:

1. Industry means an economic activity that is related to production of goods, extraction of minerals and the provision of services. Examples for the above are - Iron and Steel Industry, Coal Mining Industry and Tourism Industry respectively.
2. Main factors which influence the location of an industry are listed below:

·         availability of raw materials

·         transport and communication

·         land

·         power

·         water

·         capital

·         labour

        ·         market 

      3.    Iron and steel industry is often referred to as the backbone of the modern industry. This is because that almost everything is either made from iron or steel or has been made using tools and machineries of these metals. There are plenty of examples like -ships, trains, vehicles; all are made largely of steel. Materials of our day-to-day use starting safety pin to our building in which we live, are made from steel. Without the use of iron no industry can run.  

      4.    Cotton textile rapidly expanded in Mumbai because its warm, moist climate, facility of port for importing of machinery and above all the easy availability of skilled labor. 

       5.    Similarities between information technology industry in Bangalore and California can be drawn as follows:

·    Bangalore is located in Deccan Plateau while Silicon Valley in California is located next to the Rocky Mountains.

·    Both have clean environment.

·    Pleasant climate throughout the year.

·    In the vicinity of educational, scientific and technological centers.

·    Close to major roads and airports.

·    Good access to markets.

·    Both have skilled work force.

·    Low or affordable cost of living.

Q.2: Tick the correct answer:

       (i)               Silicon valley is located in

a.      Bangalore.

b.      California

c.       Ahmedabad

       (ii)            Which one of the following industries is known as sunrise industry?

a.      Iron and Steel industry

b.      Cotton industry

c.       Information technology

      (iii)            Which one of the following is a natural fiber?

a.      Nylon

b.      Jute

c.      Acrylic

Solutions: (i)b (ii)c (iii)b

Q.3: Distinguish between the followings:

     (i)           Agro-based and mineral-based industries.

   (ii)            Public sector and Joint sector industries.

Solutions: (i) The distinction between agro-based and mineral-based industries can be done as follows -

Agro-based industries	Mineral-based industries
·         Agro-based industries use plant and animal based products as raw materials. ·         These industries provide employment in rural areas. ·         Agro-based industries are mostly in private or co-operative sectors. ·         Examples of such industries are - jute, cotton textile, dairy products, leather industries etc.	·         Mineral-based industries are those that use mineral ores as their raw materials. ·         They provide employment to both rural and urban areas. ·         These industries are mostly in public sector because of their large investment requirement. ·         Examples of such industries are - iron and steel, capital goods industries etc.

(ii) The distinction between public sector and joint sector industries can made as follows -

Public sector industries	Joint sector industries
·         The industries which are owned and operated by State Govt. or Central Govt. are called public sector industries. ·         They involve huge capital investments. ·         These industries are managed and run by workforce appointed by Govt. ·         Examples are Steel authority of India limited (SAIL), Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) etc.	·         The industries which are owned and operated by Govt. and an individual or a group of individuals are called joint sector industries. ·         Capital investments are generally less than the public sector industries. ·         Both Govt. servants and private employees run these industries. ·         Example - Maruti Udyog Limited (MUL).